Does anyone know about the restrictions on physical contact with people after taking radioactive iodine pill?

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radiation pill
Disconights asked:  

My girlfriend had to go the doctor today and take a radioactive iodine pill that will allow the doctors to scan her body for remnants of cancer she had removed last year.They told her she has to stay 3 feet away from people for a day.How does the “radiation” I guess transfer from person to person and what negative effects could it have on the person coming in contact with it.